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Fmoc-Cl, 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate, is a widely used reagent for introducing the Fmoc protecting group onto amino acids and other amines. It is a reactive chloroformate used in peptide-building-block preparation and also in analytical derivatization of amino acids and biogenic amines.
The installed Fmoc carbamate can later be removed under standard base-mediated conditions used in Fmoc peptide chemistry.
Product Information
| Product Name | Fmoc-Cl |
| Chemical Name | 9-Fluorenylmethyl chloroformate |
| Catalog No. | AS2001 |
| CAS No. | 28920-43-6 |
| Molecular Formula | C15H11ClO2 |
| Molecular Weight | 258.70 g/mol |
| Reagent Type | Reactive chloroformate / Fmoc transfer reagent |
| Primary Uses | N-Fmoc protection and amine derivatization |
Fmoc-Cl for N-Fmoc Protection
Fmoc-Cl reacts with suitable amino groups under controlled basic conditions to form Fmoc carbamates. This reaction is widely used to prepare N-Fmoc derivatives of standard and non-natural amino acids and other amine-containing building blocks.
Because the reagent is a chloroformate, moisture, pH and addition conditions matter. Overexposure to water can consume reagent and complicate stoichiometry, while strongly reactive conditions may increase side products on sensitive substrates.
Fmoc-Cl in HPLC and Capillary Electrophoresis
Fmoc-Cl is also used for pre-column derivatization of amino acids and biogenic amines before HPLC or capillary electrophoresis. The fluorenyl group provides strong UV and fluorescence properties that can improve analytical detection of amine-containing analytes.
This application should be distinguished from use as a synthetic protecting-group reagent: the same Fmoc transfer chemistry is being used for an analytical endpoint rather than for subsequent peptide assembly.
Fmoc-Cl vs Fmoc-OSu and Fmoc-OBt
Fmoc-OSu and Fmoc-OBt are activated carbonate alternatives for Fmoc transfer. Fmoc-Cl uses chloride as the leaving group and has a distinctly more corrosive/moisture-reactive safety profile.
Choice among these reagents should consider substrate compatibility, workup, hydrolysis, safety controls and impurity profile rather than only reagent cost.
Safety and Handling
Current supplier data classify Fmoc-Cl as corrosive (H314), capable of causing severe skin burns and eye damage. Use suitable local ventilation, chemical-resistant gloves, protective clothing and eye/face protection. Protect the reagent from moisture.
Transport classification varies among supplier documents; current TCI and AK Scientific data list UN3261, Class 8, Packing Group II. Shipment of the actual Alan Scientific lot should follow the current carrier- and lot-specific transport classification.
Product Documents
A Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) is available for this product to support laboratory handling, storage and safety assessment.
Certificates of Analysis (COAs) are batch-specific. Please contact us to request the COA for your product, and we will provide it by email.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Fmoc-Cl used for?
It is used for N-Fmoc protection of amino acids and amines and for analytical derivatization of amino acids and biogenic amines.
Is Fmoc-Cl the same as Fmoc-OSu?
No. Both transfer Fmoc, but Fmoc-Cl is a chloroformate and Fmoc-OSu is a succinimidyl carbonate.
Why does Fmoc-Cl require careful moisture control?
Chloroformates are reactive toward water; hydrolysis consumes reagent and can release acidic decomposition products.
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